Senin, 22 April 2019

BAHASA INGGRIS 2

Structure is an arrangement or framework to find out the correct sentence pattern based on existing rules and formulas. The following is an example of structure arrangement in English:
S + V + O
S + V + es/e + O
S + Be + V + Ing + O
The following are examples of the sentence patterns above:
1)      I eat fruits (true)
2)      I am eat fruits (false)
So, from the two sentences above we know that sentence no. 2 that uses to be is the wrong times because in a sentence we cannot use 2 verbs and sentence no. 2 does not follow an existing formula or pattern.
a)    He goes to school every Tuesday
b)   They go to school every Tuesday
So, from the two sentences above we can see the difference in adding "ice" to the first sentence in the word goes. In English the subject "She, He, It" is a single third person who has certain rules. This is what is called the structure because it is based on existing rules.
 i.     She is sitting in the classroom now
 ii.     We are sitting in the classroom now
So, the two sentences above explain that there are differences to Be between the first and second sentences. To Be itself is influenced by the subject. Then the addition of "ING" to the verb indicates that it is continuous when the subject is carrying out the activity at that time which is also reinforced by the word "NOW".
From the explanation above we can draw the conclusion that Grammar is more concerned with words that are appropriate to use or the selection of the right words while Structure is more to the correct sentence patterns based on existing rules and formulas.
STRATEGI STRUCTURE
1. First note the questioned question in the question
Remember the purpose of structure questions is to know or determine what answers are right to complete the shortcomings of the questions. So that by watching carefully will know the shortcomings and what is needed to complete it. Here you need to identify the components of the sentence. Namely, which is the subject (noun), predikat (verb), object (noun), adverb, and so on.
2. Pay attention to each of the available answers, choose the most appropriate one to complete the questionable time. You must pay attention to each answer in the answer choices (A), (B), (C), and (D). By looking carefully you will immediately find out which option is right to fill the shortcomings in the sentence asked. Of course you need to equip yourself with adequate grammar skills. It's very recommended to study grammar books
3. Never eliminate a choice of answers by just looking at the answers without looking at the sentence. In general, each choice of answer is true if it stands alone. A choice of answers will be known to be true or false after entering into the sentence.
EXAMPLE STRUCTURE :
1. … Jane has an excellent resume, she hasn’t found a job yet.
Answer : Although
Keyword: has; hasn’t.
Discussion : 
• However: (though) if in front of a sentence, the sentence consists of only one clause.
• Yet: usage is the same as however.
• That: (that) functions to explain an object or clause in front of it.
• Although : (though) functions to combine two opposite clauses.
2. … several universities that have excellent engineering schools.
Answer: There are
Keyword: several.
Discussion: Because objects are referred to as multiple universities, the most suitable phrase for describing them is "there are".
There are + noun plural - There is + noun tunggal
3. Many Middle Eastern diplomats still feel that the United States is intent … the ultimate police in the region.
Answer: on being
Keyword: intent.
Discussion: Of the four answers, the words / phrases that are most likely to follow the intent are "on being". The choice (A) (to be) is wrong because after going to definitely Verb infinitive. Choice (B) (being) is wrong because besides functioning as a clause modifier or participle, being cannot stand alone. Option (C) (be) is wrong because in front of "be" there is no preposition "to".
4. Woodrow Wilson believed the United States’ entry into World War I would put a … to the war in months.
Answer: Stop
Keyword: a.
Discussion: Determiner (a / an / the) + noun (noun).
Of the four choices that are objects are stops.
5. … of New York’s Erie Canal greatly enhanced trade in the upstate region.
Answer: The completion
Keyword: of.
Discussion: Before the preposition "of" must be noun (noun), of the four answers which are nouns is "the completion"
6. A leech, after … the skin, is best removed by the application of either salt or heat.
Answer: it attaches itself to
Keyword: after.
Discussion: The word "after" as a preposition (preposition) + Gerund (Ving), The word "after" as a conjunction (link) + clause (subject + predicate). The most suitable answer is the "it attaches itself to" clause because after hitching there is still noun (the skin).
7. … east of the Mississippi River.
Answer: Indigo was usually grown
Keyword: east of the Mississippi River.
Discussion:
• One clause consists of at least one subject and one predicate.
• There is no both of these questions so the answer must be subject + predicate.
• Adjustment of sentence structure (passive: be + V3).
• Add adverb of frequency (placement between to be and V3).
8. … wrote the operetta Babes in Toyland, drawn from the childhood characters of Mother Goose.
Answer: It was Victor Herbert who
Keyword: wrote the operetta.
Discussion: The keyword "wrote" is a verb (verb).
Possible sentence structure:
Subject + Predicate (wrote)
Subject + Predicate + relative pronoun (who) + verb (wrote)
9. Some of the oldest and most widespread creation myths are … involving the all-giving “Earth Mother.”
Answer: those
Keyword: myths.
Discussion: The most suitable Demonstrative is "those" because it refers to "myths" that are indefinite plural.
10. In …, disk technology has made record albums almost obsolete.
Answer: the past decade
Keyword: in.
Discussion: The most suitable phrase for forming a description of time is "the past decade".
The: determiner
Past: adjective
Decade: noun.
EXAMPLE ERROR ANALYSIS
1. What is the higher mountain in the world ?
a. What
b. Is
c. Higher 
d. In
Answer : higher 
2. I wish my mother gives me presents more often
a. Wish 
b. Gives
c. Me
d. More often
Answer : gives
3. The girl who were injured in the accident is now in hospital 
a. Who
b. Were
c. In
d. Is
Answer : were
4. Thank you very much of the present that you sent me
a. Vey
b. Much
c. Of
d. That
Answer : of
5. There wasn’t some directory in the telephone box from which I was phoning
a. Wasn’t
b. Some
c. The
d. From
Answer : some
6. Its no use asking them keep quiet
a. No use
b. Asking
c. Them
d. Keep 
Answer : keep
7. This text is too long for me to read it
a. Is
b. Long
c. To read
d. It 
Answer : it
8. I can’t get used to doing so difficult exercise
a. Can’t
b. Used
c. Doing
d. So
Answer : so 
9. My father doesn’t know speak English 
a. My
b. Doesn’t
c. Speak
d. English 
Answer : speak
10. She behaves as if she was a baby
a. Behaves 
b. As if
c. Was
d. 
Answer : was 
 
https://www.pustakabahasainggris.com/30-contoh-soal-toefl-structure-and-written-expression-lengkap-dengan-kunci-jawaban-dan-pembahasan-part-1/